Weber - Lecture

The Big 4
Marx (class, ideology, economics)
Nietzshe (morality, culture)
Weber (power, legitimacy, domination)
Freud (sexuality, irrationality, sub-conscious)


Max Weber came up with a general theory of rationalisation. Weber believed the death of civilisation is through bordem and that creative people are seen as lunatics. Marx's theory is that classes have to beat other classes and so on. An example of this is the Paris Commune and how for the first time in History the establishment was overturned, even if only for a few days. After the 1870's along came anti-semitism, corruption, Moulan Rouge, prostitution, racism and war. This all results in the start of WW1. 


1871- Franco-Prussian War
        - There was a big impact on Germany; Germany turns into the German empire after the win of Prussia. Germany was a geographical region with different countries who spoke German. With the defeat of France, all the German speaking countries except Austria join to create the German empire. 
Germany was the 1st modern bureaucratic state. 
BUREAU- French word for office
CRATIC - Political


Nation building requires officials such as doctors, factory inspectors etc. German bureaucracy was incredibly efficient and the universities at the time were very similar to the military. University students wore similar uniforms to the military.
50% of parents in this generation work for the state in places such as schools, offices, police officers, doctors and so on. Karl Marx believed our parents who do work in bureaucratic jobs would be dead/struggling at this time. However it actually allowed for the rise of the middle class with loans and banking etc. 
Max Weber analysed the state as a whole and believed that in some way we would all be a cog, connected to one another, then other connected to the state. Weber (much like Marx) is Kantian and believed that humans can not know the objects in themselves, no absolute reality; we only have a mental picture - the ideal types of organisation such as socialism, nationalism and liberalism. 
The meaning of Teleological is that we are going somewhere, the known process of development. 


Method in sociological is Kantian - scientific - hypothesis + successive approximation to truth. 
There is no absolute knowledge, but it is possible to be honest and to have reasonable truths. 
Kant believed of the internal feeling when being honest. Journalists use opinion as you can't know the actual truth about a murder etc. So J's often use such ideas of Kant. 


Weber has 4 fundamental types of social action
1. Instrumental-rational action (social status + security factors)
- when you did it for rational good
2. Value-rational action
- It is a good thing to do e.g. coming to the lecture. It shows values and is educationally good
3.-emotional affirmation/disaffirmation (oriental)
- Because you have affection for someone. Coming to a lecture as you love someone who is in it.
4. Traditional (rational inheritance-anticipating) orientation. Affectual
- It is tradition. E.g. Family BBQ's, you have to go as it is a family tradition etc.


There are also different types of authority;
- Traditional (family, ceremonies, ritual submission)
- Charismatic- people who we obey (doctors; even though they give us weird pills we trust that they know what they are doing)